Seroprevalencia de ehrlichiosis monocítica canina, en perros con signología clínica de enfermedad en la cuidad de Machala.

Abstract

Canine Monocytic Ehrlichiosis EMC is a cosmopolitan disease that has a great impact on the daily clinic, its pathogenetic mechanisms have made it an Enzootic disease of mandatory differential diagnosis in any canine patient that shows clinical signs compatible with it. In the present work, 138 blood samples from dogs were analyzed in the city of Machala, these samples were taken at the Dr. Vet Veterinary Clinic and at the UTMACH Veterinary Specialties Teaching Clinic, the sample was obtained by venipuncture, generally 1cc of sample directly from the Cephalic Vein using a 3cc capacity syringe and a 23G x 25mm needle. The handling of blood samples was carried out in a very delicate way, in order to avoid any type of alteration unrelated to the objective to be measured, after extracting the sample using the syringe, the content is slowly deposited into a plastic tube with anti- EDTA coagulant, to later homogenize the sample and avoid possible artifacts that could generate an alteration in the reading of hematological parameters. The diagnosis of CME disease was made using the SensPERT Anaplasma Ab / E. canis Ab diagnostic kit from CVM DIAGNOSTICO VETERINARIO SL, comparing these results with the values ​​obtained in the hematic biometry performed in a VETSCAN HM5. When obtaining the data and by using the statistical program IBM SPSS Statistics 26v, it was possible to determine the corresponding seroprevalence of the disease Ehrlichiosis Monocyítica Canina EMC in the city of Machala, of the 138 cases sampled in the mentioned veterinary clinics, seroprevalence reached the 66.7%, while negative cases rounded 33.3%. In order to evaluate the most common hematological alteration in relation to CME-positive cases, with a percentage of 26.1% the most common alteration observed was thrombocytopenia, secondly, the most observed alteration was the combination of anemia and thrombocytopenia with 17.4%, and in third place with a percentage of 13%, positive cases were without hematological alterations. Regarding the relationship established between age and CME-positive cases, the most prevalent ages for the disease were 10 and 12 years, reaching 9.8% of positive cases; Even with these data with regard to age, there is no great variation in the data obtained, so any dog, at any age, is susceptible to being infected by CME. On the other hand, in contrast to what was analyzed, regarding the relationship between habitat and positive cases for the disease, the dogs that had free access to the street reached a percentage of 44.6%. And, finally, in the relationship between sex and CME positive cases, females (33.6%) reached a higher prevalence compared to males (32.1%), while 34.3% corresponds to the canine population that is not affected by the illness. With these data, a high prevalence of CME can be attributed, and this is supported by the ease with which the disease vector reproduces, as the climate is conducive to its development.