Determinación del indice de brucelosis en fincas lecheras de pequeños y medianos productores en el cantón Pasaje, El Oro

Abstract

Bovine Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease, whose etiological agent is Brucella abortus and is therefore considered of great importance in public health and mandatory declaration, directly affects people in charge of its management, veterinary doctors and zootechnists, students who carry out their field practices without biosecurity implements and those who work in training centers and indirectly those who consume milk and derivatives. The objective of the following research work is to determine the prevalence rate of Brucellosis Bovina in mixed livestock farms of small and medium-sized producers in Pasaje, El Oro, a study that was carried out within the following coordinates: Loma de Franco (X: 633207; y: 9630543), Progreso (X: 640696 Y: 9640441), Calichana (X: 632615; Y: 9626962), Palenque (X: 635387; Y: 9627066) and Uzhuplaya (X: 635123; Y: 9631218). Sampling was carried out of a population of 300 animals, from the following sectors: Uzhuplaya, Rájaro, Via to Cerro Azul, Palenque, Calichana, and el Cangrejo. Prior to obtaining blood sample, the area to be punctured is disinfected with a cotton swab with alcohol, then puncture was performed in the coccygeal vein, with the use of the vacutainer system and a 10 ml red cap tube, to obtain the serum is left the blood sample inclined in "flute peak”, and that it is indoors so that it does not give you the sun and after 15 minutes proceeded to be stored in the icebox for transport, is kept in refrigeration until its process. For the processing of the samples it was necessary to use the agglutinoscope and with a pipette of 3 ml, a drop of the serum and a drop of the reagent Rose of Bengal is taken and with the help of a toothpick and circular movements the sample is homogenized, waiting 4 minutes to show whether or not agglutination exists and then determine whether the reaction is positive or negative. The variables considered in the following research are age, breed and sex of animals; when evaluating the age variable, the group with a 46% share are animals aged 3 to 6 years as adults, and with 34% those aged 1-2 years and 20% those aged 6-11 months. The most representative breed is the Brown Swiss with 37%, followed by Brahman (36%), Brown Swiss/Brahman (10%), Mestiza (6%), Holstein (5%), Jersey (4%) and finally Gyr (2%). In the case of sex, the predominant group is that of females with 85% compared to the group of males representing only 15% participation; this is because farmers prefer to have females to maintain dairy production and sell males for fattening. The results obtained from 100% of samples taken and processed with the Bengal Rose reagent were 0% Brucellosis prevalence rate in small and medium-sized livestock farms in Pasaje.