Prevención de la proliferación de patógenos mediante la acción de los microorganismos en el suelo de piscinas camaroneras

Abstract

The aquaculture industry is important for the economy of the fishing communities, presenting a great impact in the growth of the culture systems, however, this increase has been affecting the environment, in the last years one of the factors that more intervene are the diseases in the cultures by the bad management of the pools, which allows that the ground is degraded accumulating sediments that turn it a high organic matter, is for that reason the good aquatic practices (BPA) must be considered, where chemical physical parameters and cultivation densities must be monitored, and thus prevent opportunistic pathogens from multiplying, if these factors were present, the best option in previous years was the use of antibiotics, but with time, diseases adapted resistance in shrimp allowing the degradation of the pools' soils however, there are investigations carried out by several authors giving an alternative to the use of microorganisms such as these: probiotics and prebiotics that help improve soil quality by means of bacteria of the genus Bacillus sp, Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacteria, Enterococcus sp among others, these bacteria compensate the culture giving a profitability in the survival, By decreasing the conversion factor, maintaining optimal crop ranges in water quality, improving the application methods of the Pacific white shrimp feed, Litopenaeus vannamg, enzymes for soil bioremediation, yeasts, are also important for regulating the pH in the water.