Edificios de baja altura con sistemas estructurales de ductilidad limitada, tipo paredes portantes ante acciones sísmicas altas.

Abstract

In the development of this work, the processes and criteria taken from the NEC 2015 and the ACI 318-14 for the design of a low-rise building with the construction system of walls of limited ductility, type bearing walls, are evidenced. The importance of proper design and layout of walls in both directions in this system is detailed. The design consists of a four-story building, with 10 cm thick load-bearing walls, 12 cm thick solid slab, where independent offices will operate. The distribution consists of spaces with an internal bathroom in each office and public bathrooms, corridors and stairs designed in accordance with the NTE INEN 2249, guaranteeing adequate accessibility for people to these areas. In addition, reference is made to facts of interest about this construction system, the analysis carried out on the failures observed in Chilean buildings after the earthquake of February 27, 2010 and the considerations that some Latin American countries have taken for buildings constructed with load-bearing walls., that guarantee a correct seismic performance. In the development of this report, aspects considered for the spectral analysis are detailed, the same obtained based on the type of soil where the construction of the building is proposed, in this case, the city of Machala. In addition, this section is necessary to obtain the values of the shear per floor of the structure, which is distributed in each of the walls for subsequent analysis. The mathematical process necessary for the pre-design of the structural components, the calculation of the axial load, the distribution of horizontal forces and the design moment corresponding to each floor is detailed through the load metering and design elastic spectrum as established by the NEC 2015 , of which the methodology for its distribution on each wall is presented. Finally, the verification of the minimum requirements contemplated by the Ecuadorian regulations for the design of reinforced concrete walls is carried out. In addition, the final values in the design of the bearing walls are shown, in terms of thickness and final distribution of the steel layers, the same ones that have been verified both by flexo-compression and shear analysis.