La dactiloscopia como herramienta forense relevante en la resolución de problemas médico legales y criminales.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The fingerprint identification system is a secure personal identification method which has effectively supported the courts in their conclusions due to its impartiality, objectivity and technical competence. OBJECTIVE: To establish the role of fingerprint as a forensic tool in solving medical-legal and criminal problems. METHOD: The scientific literature review was carried out in databases such as: EBSCO, SCIELO, PUBMED, COCHRANE, from September 2015 to the present. DEVELOPMENT: Fingerprints is the auxiliary science of criminology in charge of individualizing human beings through the study of their fingerprints. Fingerprints are among the greatest discoveries in forensic science and represent one of the most important changes in the area, so a clear connection can be made to a specific identity that can lead to the recognition of the offender. CONCLUSION: The unique characteristics of fingerprints have made them a reliable source of individual identification. Fingerprints contain more than the characteristic pattern of ridges and grooves, containing different components. Chemical composition is used to create a donor profile to enhance the probative value of fingerprints and provide valuable information during crime scene investigation. The information obtained from the profile can include DNA, determination of sex, blood group, drug use, handling of explosives. The relationship between criminal activity and identity is useful information in forensic investigation