Factores de riesgo y estrategias de prevención de obesidad infantil en atención primaria de salud

Abstract

Childhood obesity is generating long-term complications such as non-communicable chronic diseases, triggered by the same risk factors that lead first to overweight and then to childhood obesity, the school environment, family environment and current trends must be taken into consideration that influence eating habits and sedentary lifestyle. Objective: Identify which are the risk factors that lead to childhood obesity, Analyze prevention strategies in primary health care. Methods: the cases of childhood obesity have increased in recent years, being a worldwide concern due to its complications in adulthood, for this, the following systematic, descriptive, qualitative, retrospective review study has been carried out that allows analyzing the factors risk to arrive at a prevention strategy. The search was carried out in PubMed, academic Google, The Lancet, Elsevier, scientific articles of quartiles 1, 2, and 3, protocols or norms that indicate prevention strategies, being previously reviewed in Scimago journal and Country Rank. Conclusion: Primary health care, with a multidisciplinary group can establish goals to reduce the prevalence of childhood obesity in Ecuador, a large part of the risk factors that are modifiable were identified, prevention strategies such as; implement the hourly load of physical activity, information on the complications of childhood obesity, promote the consumption of fruits and vegetables, encourage children and young people to a healthy diet.