Seguimiento farmacoterapéutico a través del Método Dáder en pacientes ambulatorios con diabetes mellitus del Centro de Salud Velasco Ibarra Tipo C

Abstract

Diabetes is one of the most common chronic degenerative diseases worldwide. It is incurable and can only be addressed with permanent pharmacological treatment. Diabetes affects more than 3 million people in the world; In Ecuador, the groups at highest risk are women and the elderly. Diabetes is also responsible for the development of other diseases, mainly arterial hypertension and diabetic nephropathy, converting the pharmacotherapeutic treatment of patients into combination therapy, which involves the combination of two or more drugs for the same pathology or a polypharmacy, which is the use of several medications for different pathologies, addressing the therapeutic needs that the patient requires. Due to this, in the following research work a pharmacotherapeutic follow-up was carried out on diabetic patients at the Velasco Ibarra Type “C” Health Center in the city of Machala, El Oro province, which seeks exclusively to improve the quality of life of patients. For the development of the research, the Dader Method was used, which consists of seven steps including an offer of service, a first interview, the status of the patient, the study phase, the evaluation phase, the intervention phase and successive interviews, which allowed us to carry out a systematic, continuous and documented pharmacotherapeutic follow-up which is important for obtaining specifically favorable results. This pharmacotherapeutic follow-up was done to 50 outpatients belonging to the health center, within a period of three months, in which the professional intervention was registered and documented, generating information to obtain results, through the use of the SPSS statistical program for its acronym in English "Statistical Package for the Social Sciences". Within the sample, we worked with 34 women (68%) and 16 men (32%), with the highest age range being of the elderly between 71-90 years old with 22 patients (44%), It was identified that within 50 patients, 26 of them (52%) are in monotherapy and the remaining 24 (48%) perform a combination therapy, in the same way, 47 patients (94%) are in polypharmacy. In addition, it was determined that there were 54 medication related problems (MRP), classified according to their need, effectiveness and safety, these MRPs existed in 30 patients (60%) who underwent the corresponding pharmacotherapeutic intervention either including, replacing and / or replacing a drug in their pharmacotherapy. It was concluded that the realization of pharmacological follow-up is important for the role of a pharmaceutical biochemist and crucial to avoid complications from diseases in patients and similarly, the development of concomitant diseases in Diabetes Mellitus, thus helping diabetic patients have a better quality of life; also verifying that the hypothesis raised in our titled work is true, since the inappropriate use of medications directly affects the health status of the patients. That is why each of the diabetic patients and close relatives was educated about the rational use of medicines.