Evaluación de la incorporación de aceite esencial en la formulación de película a base de almidón de cáscara de plátano

Abstract

For the formulation of starch films from the banana bark and essential oil obtained from the tangerine peel; Initially, the raw material was collected, in this case the waste from the husking of both fruits that are discarded, and are discarded in garbage dumps, landfills and in collectors that come from domestic and industrial use, followed by subject to due treatment cleaning according to the specified technique, with 1% sodium hypochlorite and 3% citric acid, then proceed to liquefy to crush the husks completely, the content of the smoothie is closed by removing the larger pieces, and washed Repeated with distilled water containing dissolved citric acid so as not to lead to oxidation of the product, then filter for this purpose canvas is used in order to obtain a cloudy greenish liquid that contains the producer of interest to extract, which after a decanting time the supernatant was removed, repeating this practice taking the contr ol do so after an hour until leaving the decanting at the end of the container, then a second filtration is done with filter paper grade 1: 11µm, then be taken to a stove at 55o for 24 hours, when dehydrated completely it is ground in a mortar to later pass it through a sieve, the starch was stored in an amber jar for the protection of its physical, chemical and mechanical properties. On the other hand, the essential oil of the tangerine peel was extracted by means of Clevenger distillation using only the peel of the fruit previously subjected to cleaning process with abundant water. These two components starch and essential oil are mixed with glycerol, tween 80, in solution, based on the percentages of formulation, until forming the solution, then they were placed in non-stick molds (casting method) and taken to an oven at 60 ° C for 3 hours; It was removed and placed immediately in a desiccator with silica gel for preservation. It has been planned according to an experimental multilevel factorial design Kn of 3 factors 2 levels, with which 16 treatments were obtained, using the statistical program Statgraphics Centurion version X64; all with the purpose of studying the interaction of the components of the formulations belonging to the treatments and their influence on the variable responses which are moisture content and solubility percentage; determined that the moisture content in starch films, the factors that are significant in this variable are% starch and% glycerol, and their interactions because they have a value (P <0.05) for the moisture content with incidence positive and for the percentage of solubility in banana starch films, the factor that is significant in this variable are starch and glycerol; starch and essential oil; glycerol and essential oil and their interactions because they have a value (P <0.05) for the percentage of solubility with positive incidence.