Consecuencias psicológicas en mujeres víctimas de violencia sexual

Abstract

The study raises evidence of the emotional consequences present in women who at some stage of their life have experienced violence or sexual abuse, for this the cognitive behavioral approach was taken as theoretical and epistemological support, which is justified based on their various experimental investigations and empirical; the most efficient and the one that offers the greatest amount of techniques for the therapeutic approach and clinical practice. This approach is intended for the subject to identify his discomfort and then control through his personal skills adverse situations that have prevented him from maintaining an adequate lifestyle; In addition, within this approach, the trauma-centered psychotherapy model stands out, which stands out as the most effective for interventions around sexual problems and aims to potentiate the individual's abilities to resolve sequelae. which holds around traumatic experiences. The categories of analysis determined for this work are sexual violence, emotional disturbances and the consequences of a therapeutic intervention at the wrong time. Three adult women whose ages fluctuate between 23 and 35 years and the professionals of the psychological area of the Center for Integral Care Rosa Vivar participated in this study, these women live in the city of Machala and usually go to this center which provided the necessary support in order to enforce their rights. It stands out as a qualitative investigation highlighting the study of clinical cases of narrative-biographical design due to the contribution of the discourses referred by the participants and of descriptive-explanatory scope facilitating to describe the different emotional and pathological effects that are present in the victims. With the proper authorization of the professionals who run the Comprehensive Care Center and the participants, the interviews were carried out as an essential technique for the therapeutic approach to difficult topics such as traumatic events and experiences, as well as to collect the data more important that derived in the interpretation of the psychological consequences of the victims; the Beck Hopelessness Scales that assess future expectations based on affective, motivational and cognitive factors and the Davidson Trauma Scale that allow to identify the traumatic event and assess it based on the severity and frequency dimensions were continuously applied . In addition, the Projective Test of the Human Figure was taken as a reference, the same one that was applied by the professionals of the center in the first intervention that the victims received. According to the theoretical support based on the postulates of renowned organizations and research carried out by authors of current relevance, the results that have been obtained show that victims of sexual violence have serious psychological consequences, among which a characterized personological profile stands out for insecurity, shame, self-deprecation, fear and guilt, sexual sequelae in the childhood stage not intervened therapeutically, instability and emotional dependence, unstable social relationships, reexperimentation of the traumatic event, sleep disturbances, fear of sexuality, low self-esteem, multiple cognitive distortions and the absence of coping skills and problem solving.