Evaluación sismorresistente de una vivienda de dos plantas construidas con sistemas estructurales de ductilidad limitada (caso pórticos resistente a momento).

Abstract

Seismic-resistant evaluation of a two-storey house built with structural systems of limited ductility case porches resistant to a moment. María Estefanía Romero Blacio In the present work a seismic-resistant evaluation of a type of housing model of an urbanization located in the city of Machala was carried out, this evaluation was carried out using the Force-Based Design DBF method which is found as a method of design established in the Ecuadorian Construction Standards NEC Because Ecuador is located in a highly seismic zone resulting from the convergence of two tectonic plates such as the South American Plate and the Nazca Plate, it is important to carry out seismic-resistant analyzes and evaluations of homes already built in order to provide security in The people who live in these homes in order to comply with the design philosophy of the NEC standards that stipulate safeguarding human life and that structures prevail until the end of their useful life. According to data provided in the Municipal GAD of the city of Machala, there are 44 registered and registered urbanizations.The cost of these homes ranges between 70000 and 140000 dollars, these are mostly built with resistant gantry structural systems so it is important to evaluate this type of housing to observe their behavior against seismic and gravitational forces. To begin the evaluation, a load evaluation of the structure was carried out considering the construction area and the mezzanine heights of the same that are arranged in the structural plans to finally determine its weight, with these analyzed loads the evaluation of sections of the structural elements to verify compliance with the gross area of the concrete section (Ag), the amounts were also reviewed and the respective foundation analysis was performed to see if the minimum requirements established by the regulations have been met . After the quantification of loads and evaluation of sections of the structural elements, the calculation of the basal shear of the house was made in order to obtain the coefficient that will later be useful to model the structure with the help of specialized software and observe the behavior of the same when applying seismic loads. Once the necessary calculations for the evaluation were carried out, we modeled the structure to determine its performance when placing the different load combinations, the results of this modeling were not entirely satisfactory since its columns failed due to capacity demand when introducing the earthquake load combination that It is stipulated in the NEC norms because of this it can be denoted the breach of certain sections of the norms. Therefore, a rehabilitation strategy was generated, which is based on structural reinforcement by means of carbon fibers so that they can increase the compressive strength of the columns and thus improve their structural behavior against the seismic loads already indicated, This not-so-cheap strategy is being used frequently in the construction market today. However, it is proposed as a second option a structural jacket with the same purpose of strengthening the structure and improving its structural behavior in terms of costs. This alternative solution is cheaper than the one previously mentioned. Keywords Earthquake Resistant Evaluation, Load Assessment, Basal Shear, Design Philosophy, Carbon Fiber.