Endeudamiento y rentabilidad en la empresa procesadora de alimentos y su relación con la estabilidad económica, período 2017 - 2018.

Abstract

In this work, a case analysis was carried out whose purpose was to determine the level of indebtedness and profitability of the Pronaca CA National Food Processor, through the financial reasons applied to the controlled financial statements of the Superintendence of Companies for the 2017-2018 period, to establish the relationship with the economic stability of the company. Therefore, it will be used as indicators of indebtedness to the ratio of debt, equity debt, and interest coverage; the profitability that are the ratio of gross profit margin, net, operational and return on assets and equity. Taking into account its specific objectives that are the evaluation of the levels of indebtedness through the ratio of debt, debt - equity and interest coverage, also assess the levels of profitability through the gross profit margin, operating profit, net profit ratio, return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE) in order to analyze the economic stability of the company through the indicators. The company must evaluate its financial situation in order to know in this case: How to influence the indebtedness and profitability in the economic stability of the Food Processing Company? And in this way to be able to make correct decisions or improve in some indebtedness process in order to efficiently take care of its resources. The national food processing company Pronaca CA will be dedicated to elaborate and produce food from the field to the table, for all people either inside or outside the country, for this reason it is of great importance to know the economic level of the same, it was carried out this investigation taking information from the Superintendence of Companies, since this is public information for anyone who needs. With respect to the variables proposed, the work applies quantitative modality research, as it is the technique to collect numerical data to understand the behavior or know the purpose of the investigation; and the qualitative that they are to analyze and explain on the subject besides being able to be represented in figures, images among others. Considering also that the study methodology was the bibliography that refers to research through scientific articles, information from books or others; also the analytical that is a key part because each result of the investigation was analyzed and compared to know about it. However, given the knowledge of all these processes and factors that influence the production of these products, it is totally clear that a company must know and know how to manage its financial resources, through tools that help and ensure the use of these, as they are the indicators of indebtedness and profitability for the correct decision making. As a result, through the financial indicators in relation to the economic stability of the company, it is at a favorable point because its levels of indebtedness and profitability are controlled and optimally managed by its part, what happens as a consequence that it generates more profit and profit to continue operating in the market. The results obtained from the evaluation of the profitability indicators determine that the gross margin from one period to another decreased in a few parts even though it is not favorable for the company, in operating margin it is favorable due to the increase in profits, the net margin such the same is favorable; the return on the asset in the same way as on the liability are favorable for the company which means that there will be more profits for it. Given the results established through the financial indicators in relation to the economic stability of the company, it is at a favorable point because its levels of indebtedness and profitability are controlled and optimally managed by its part, which happens as a consequence that. This generates more profit and profit to continue operating in the market. Therefore, it is concluded that the application of financial indicators are fundamental tools to know, analyze the economic and financial situation of the company, in this case the company is at a favorable point, in this way it is also recommended not exceeding the levels of indebtedness, in addition to maintaining the optimal level of sales to generate profits in order to be economically stable and stay in the market. Given the results in the level of indebtedness it is recommended not to exceed the recommended levels for each indicator, also to maintain the level of coverage of interest in order to cover with the financial expenses that are maintained on a day-to-day basis, also a highly revised planning and analyzed when handling some financing with third parties. With regard to profitability levels, it is recommended not to neglect the level of gross profit since this is given depending on the level of sales that is maintained in the company, likewise its levels of net and operational profit should be reviewed in relation to its benefits economic, in the same way the returns on assets and equity are required to periodically measure the efficiency of their administration. This work is carried out thanks to the media, since the financial information of the food processor is obtained on the website of the Superintendence of Companies, because this is public information and available to anyone who needs it according to the Organic Law on Transparency and Access to Public Information, as a goal the information obtained is of utmost importance for the development of research. After examining, analyzing and knowing these results, the benefit of these processes will be to make the right decisions to maintain the continuity of the company and thus maintain a stable economic profitability, fulfilling purposes and goals, which will help the development of the same and even of the economic situation of the country because there is a demand and supply within the market.