Efecto de la inclusión de ácidos grasos en la alimentación inicial de pollos de engorde sobre los parámetros productivos.

Abstract

This research work was carried out in the warehouse No. 1 of the Santa Inés farm of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences (FCA) of the Technical University of Machala, Province of El Oro, whose objective was to evaluate the effect of the inclusion of fatty acids in the diet of Cobb 500 chickens on their productive parameters and the parameters to the canal, for them a Completely Random Design was used, where 200 Cobb 500 chickens were used, managed according to the poultry production standards established in the area For an open shed system, trying to apply the appropriate management to give a good temperature, adequate food and hydration, a basic vaccination schedule was used for the area that consisted of the use of Gumboro intermediate strain and Newcastle New Vac strain the Jack B1 JB. The balanced was prepared ecologically and with raw materials from the company ̋ BALMAR ̏, the birds were distributed in 5 groups: the Witness or Treatment 0 (Inclusion of palm oil in the balanced food), Treatment 1 (Inclusion of Soybean Oil in the balanced food), Treatment 2 (Inclusion of Sunflower Oil in the balanced food), Treatment 3 (Inclusion of Corn Oil in the balanced food) and Treatment 4 (Inclusion of yellow fat in the balanced food), each with four experimental units, in which 10 random chickens were placed. The variables to consider were, Live weight of the animal (g), Feed conversion index, Cumulative feed consumption (g), Cumulative water consumption (ml), Mortality, Weight before mortem (g), Bleeding weight (g) , Weight without feathers (g), Weight without viscera (g), Weight without head and without legs (g) and Thickness of abdominal fat (mm), at day 42 to perform the sacrifice, 2 animals per Unit were taken at random Experimental (male and female), obtaining the data of the 40-chicken carcass, a GRAM brand scale was used with a margin of error of ± 1g and the abdominal fat thickness data were obtained with a King's foot brand Kex Germany . For this, a completely randomized design was used, the statistical management of the data was used by the Statgraphics Centurion Program and a single-way ANOVA analysis was applied for all the variables and to observe possible differences and their confidence intervals the procedure was performed. multiple comparison of Bonferroni; with the exception of the mortality to which a Chi-Square Test was applied prior to the elaboration of the contingency tables. The results of the experiment show that the addition of balanced fatty acids present in palm, soy, sunflower and yellow fat oil used in the different treatments did not show any effect on live weight, conversion rate, water consumption, food consumption and mortality; nor does it show any effect on the data of ante mortem weights, bleeding, without feathers, without viscera and without legs - head of chickens, although if there was a significant difference in abdominal fat thickness, which may be due to the fatty acid composition present in the oils used in the experiments, the chickens that received the balanced oil containing palm oil presenting a greater abdominal fat deposit. In addition, the alternative of including yellow fat in balancing is interesting, due to its low cost and not directly interfering with the presence of excessive greasing in birds.