Hipoglucemia asociada a enfermedad cardiovascular y mortalidad en diabetes mellitus tipo 2

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by increased blood glucose levels, it is considered one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide that causes acute and chronic complications; among which hypoglycemia is highlighted for any cause, especially severe hypoglycemia (which requires medical assistance), as a result of excessive antidiabetic medication or prolonged fasting; previous studies show that hypoglycemia is associated with an increase in cardiovascular pathophysiological events such as heart failure due to subclinical myocardial damage, cardiac arrhythmias due to catecholamine release, as well as promoting endothelial dysfunction atherosclerosis due to increased C-reactive protein and platelet activation. (inflammatory response). OBJECTIVE: To analyze the impact of hypoglycemia associated with cardiovascular disease and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus through the literature review of scientific articles. METHODOLOGY: an exhaustive search of scientific articles was carried out through databases such as central pubmed, cochrane and google scholar for the last 5 years. CONCLUSION: hypoglycemia both in standard treatment with 7% glycosylated hemoglobin and in intensive treatment with 6.5% glycosylated hemoglobin, is associated with cardiovascular events such as: non-fatal myocardial infarction, heart failure, atrial fibrillation; in addition, high rates of ischemic and hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease were obtained; intensive treatment showed that it causes higher rates of hypoglycemia in patients and in relation to mortality it was shown that the two study groups have similar mortality rates. KEY WORDS: hypoglycemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), cardiovascular disease (CVD), mortality, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c).