Criterios radiológicos en la identificación de tuberculosis pulmonar en la atención primaria en salud

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Pulmonary tuberculosis is one of the oldest known diseases, in Ecuador the incidence rate is 34.53 per 100,000 inhabitants, the province of El Oro is second in incidence; the most affected age group is 25 to 34 years old, for its detection laboratory tests and diagnostic imaging are used, among which the use of radiography stands out, through which markers of the same severity that correlates to clinical and the risk between failure or remission of the disease. OBJECTIVE: To determine the most frequent radiological patterns in pulmonary tuberculosis for early diagnosis in primary health care. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a bibliographic review, based on scientific articles, books and online documents extracted from the PUBMED, GOOGLE ACADEMIC AND SCIELO database; it has quartile articles one and two dating from the last five years. CONCLUSION: For the detection of this pathology it is necessary that the patient be evaluated in an integral way, it is established that the most frequent place for the appearance of cavitations is the apical area of the upper lobe and the upper part of the lower lobe, lymphadenopathy is observed more frequently in pediatric patients, radiography is considered as a diagnostic support to assess the location, extent and even severity of the disease essential for the timely detection of this pathology.