Efecto de la interacción del nitrógeno con el potasio sobre la intensidad de la clorofila en el cultivo del banano

Abstract

Ecuador has about 162 thousand hectares of banana planted 95% of the total number of producers of this fruit lies in small farmers being the province of El Oro where they are located with 42% most of small producers Mineral nitrogen fertilizers contribute to the growth development and production of banana cultivation but globally there is a widespread nitrogen deficiency in the soil The relationship that this element has with the soil. Chlorophyll content in leaves is important when evaluating the physiological status of plants which leads to the study of this element and the relationship with chlorophyll content in banana leaf therefore there are teams to estimate directly non-destructive and rapid chlorophyll content The present research was conducted in the experimental farm Santa Inés of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences at the Technical University of Machala located at 5,5 km of the road Machala Pasaje parroquia El Cambio canton Machala province El Oro Ecuador with the objective of evaluating the effect of the interaction of nitrogen with potassium on the intensity of chlorophyll in banana cultivation For the experimental work was adopted a Block Design Completamente al Azar (DBCA) with 16 treatments. and four repetitions in a 4 x 4 factorial scheme with four doses of N and four doses of K the data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance with the effects of the treatments evaluated using an F test At the end of the evaluation period (end of the reproductive stage) in which significant effects of the treatments were detected, polynomial regression equations were adjusted by relating doses of N and K applied across treatments In the mean comparisons involving all treatments, a Tukey mean comparison test at 99% was used Finally, for the evaluation of the ratio of CI and FA, an analysis was used. The data were tabulated and analyzed using the software AGROESTAT ® There was a significant statistical effect of the increasing doses of N and K applied for all variables evaluated as well as the interaction of N and K for the Intensity of Chlorophyll and leaf area the IC in the T2 (200 kg N ha-1) T3 (400 Kg N ha-1) and T4 (600 Kg N ha-1) are statistically equal which tells us that the plant had a significant reaction with nitrogen fertilization as opposed to T1 (0 Kg N ha-1) which compared with the three remaining treatments indicated that the non-application of nitrogen produces a significant negative effect on the CI of the crop Reaching the highest CI value in T4 however when compared with T2 and T3 it can be defined that the dose of T1 is sufficient for the development of the crop in relation to potassium the treatments evaluated did not show significant statistical differences between them which indicates that the content of K is not the same as the K content. In the variable of FA the content of FA does not present statistical significance in any of the treatments (T1 T2 T3 and T4) the opposite with the content of N in FA where T1 indicated to us that the non-application of nitrogen influences in a negative way in the content of FA of the plants consequently the T2 T3 and T4 intervene in a positive way in the FA.