Efectos de los enraizadores en la velocidad del retorno en banano (musa x paradisiaca) clon williams

Abstract

The banana is considered one of the most important crops internationally, due to its multiple nutritional benefits, it also generates jobs for thousands of families directly or indirectly related to its production. In recent years, the effects of improper handling of agrochemicals have been accentuated, giving rise to different problems. Among the most common are the scarce quantity of healthy roots, causing low productivity, often caused by insects and micro worms in the soil, which leads farmers to use different products that are offered by commercial houses as rooting, which often do not meet the expectations that lead to their application. Based on the above, it is justified the need to evaluate the effects of different rooting in young banana plants, in this way, to clarify if their use allows to improve productivity, and their costs are justified. For the implementation of the design we used the statistical model of blocks completely at random with six treatments, each one with three repetitions and five sample units, evaluating a total of 90 open field plants. An ANOVA analysis of a factor, plus Tukey's test, accompanied by the error bar graph to show possible statistical differences between rooting plants, was used. Data processing was performed in the SPSS statistical program using 95% reliability. The rooting agents were T1 = Hormonagro; T2 = Ryzup 40, T3 = Cytokin, T4 = Vigor Plant; T5 = Lentils Extract and T6 = Nettle Infusion. The study variables were: percentage of healthy root to appearance (PRS), bunch weight (PRAC), spine weight (PRAQ), number of hands (NM), second hand finger length (LDSM) and last hand finger length (LDUM), second hand finger grade (GDSM), last hand finger grade (GDUM) and number of fingers (ND), measurement of °Brix in green (BRIXV) and measurement of mature °Brix (BRIXM), days to maturation (DAM) and Ratio (#boxes/racim). The results obtained indicate that the best rooting treatment was T5= E. Lenteja, its variables show the highest averages of PRC= 60, LDSM=24,4, LDUM=19,8, AHAC=1,9, ratio=1,3 and finally it has greater profitability than the other products, its organic origin influences the microbial activity of the soil over time. The second best rooting was the treatment T2 = Ryzup 40, with averages similar to T5, but the difference is that Ryzup 40 is a compound of chemical synthesis. The treatment T4 = Vigor Plant presented 81.8% of healthy roots, being the best of all the treatments studied to generate roots, but this is not correlated with the production variables, in which T5 was the best, being able to explain these results, taking into account that the plants suffer energy wear when producing roots by synthetic hormonal stimulation, affecting the bunch filling, and becoming more susceptible to pest attack. It was determined by Tukey's test that the most significant treatment was T5= E. Lenteja, the error bars corroborated that T5 has an average of 1.96 cm, whose maximum range was 2.2 surpassing the rest of the treatments. In the box/racimo ratio, the T5= E. Lenteja treatment obtained an average of 1.27, the best treatment being closely followed by the T4= Vigor Plant, which has the second best average in the box/racimo ratio with 1.18 coinciding in being the treatment with the highest percentage of healthy roots. In a cost-benefit analysis, it was shown that there is no relationship between the treatments, even so, the T5=E treatment. Lentils approached 1, considering it the closest to present economic benefits with its application.