Procedimientos por imagenología actuales para el diagnóstico y tratamiento precoz de la displasia congénita de cadera

Abstract

It is a musculoskeletal defect of the hip joint by instability in the femoral head by an anomaly in the acetabulum, and that occurs in postnatal circumstances. The number of new cases in the world is 1 in 1000 live neonates but most cases are solved in the first weeks of life. Predictors of the defect involve factors of first order such as female sex (left hip), buttock presentation, firstborn, while those of the second order are positive family history, great birth weight, postural deformities, oligohydramnios and torticollis. The physical examination is the first clinical diagnosis observing the asymmetry of the folds and performing the ortolani and Barlow maneuver, supported by imaging procedures such as hip ultrasound (before 3 months), simple x-ray (infants and children) and computed axial tomography (older than 3 years). Early treatment (2 to 3 months) Pavlik Harness, von Rosen splint, and Frejka cushion.