Proceso de diagnóstico de la discapacidad intelectual.

Abstract

Intellectual disability is a disorder that affects the intellectual functioning and adaptive capacities of the individual, which occurs during the stage of human development. Performing a diagnostic process to identify this disorder involves using current concepts regarding diagnostic criteria and arrive at the main purpose of the same: to perform an intervention with expectations according to the strengths and weaknesses of the patient. The objective of this work is to describe evaluation tools, selected through the current bibliographic review, that provide guidelines to the professional to perform a diagnostic process capable of directing an intervention according to the needs and capabilities of children up to 7 years, who come for psychological consultation. The reagents mentioned in this essay are subdivided into two categories according to the age of the patient: developmental scales and intelligence scales. Both categories fulfill the function of auxiliary in the diagnosis of an intellectual disability and in the support so that the multidisciplinary team that intervenes in the study of the case is allowed to open the referential discussion after an exhaustive exploration from different perspectives. The importance of making an accurate diagnosis lies in the intervention that will be planned for the patient since it must be based on his strong faculties and his less developed characteristics.