Representaciones de violencia de género y discriminación de la mujer en las notas informativas de los principales diarios de Machala.

Abstract

In our province, as in the whole world, discrimination against women is still present.In the public sphere, women continue to occupy, for the most part, positions subject to man, limiting themselves to performing functions or occupying lower positions. Although these facts have been changed throughout history, thanks to social protests in favor of gender equality, there are still cases of discrimination and gender violence, women are still seen as the weaker sex, as a symbol of beauty or related to home, show, culinary or social issues. In the present work, it was tried to analyze in a qualitative, quantitative and bibliographical way, the representations of gender violence and discrimination, through the analysis of the participation of women in the news in the newspapers Correo, Opinión and El Nacional, since These are the three newspapers with the largest circulation in Machala and the province of El Oro, through an observation sheet, divided into 5 items. The first one focused on the participation of women in the notes, as a protagonist, secondary role, complement or shared protagonism, or when it does not appear; the others focused on the section where the woman is talked about, if the woman appears within the public or private sphere, what type of stereotype is attributed to her within the note, and whether her participation is positive or negative. Likewise, in-depth interviews were conducted with the editors of the three newspapers, to corroborate the content analysis. The results of the analysis, showed percentages below half, in terms of the participation of women in the information notes, but of this low percentage, women appear more as a complement in the news and is taken into account mainly in the sections of City, Cantonal and Current. In terms of public and private sphere, the differences are quite fair, in El Nacional and Correo newspaper the woman appears more in the public, while in Opinion the percentages are 50% and 50%, this enhancement of women in the public sector This is mainly due to the fact that women had a greater participation in the political news regarding the election of the Vice President of the Republic, whose list in 2017 corresponded only to female representatives. Within the stereotypes that are attributed to women in the news, the largest percentage focuses on social relationships and interactions, also on the characteristics of victims and thirdly is taken into account, in the case of Diario Correo and El National for its intellectual abilities and Opinion highlight it more for its body. Regarding the valuation of their participation, the results showed that it is positive. From the interviews conducted, we conclude that at present, women are being tried to give more participation and prominence in the notes, however they consider that, the woman as such, should be the one who generates and earns more land in the sphere public, in order to stand out and equalize men, in terms of space and prominence, and that they, as a means of communication, always take care not to generate stereotypes and revictimize the aggrieved woman more.