Diseño de curvas de gasto en puntos de interés a través de un modelo hidráulico en el río Casacay

Abstract

In the present research work the objective is to determine spending curves in the sub-basin of the river Casacay for different gauging stations. The work was developed with five research methodologies, which are described in five representative stages; In the first stage, the control points of the gauging stations were recorded at the sites of San Tin Tin, La Esperanza (Toma de Aguas Pas) and Dumari using the GPS instrument, for later in the cabinet to execute it in the ArcGIS software; In the second stage, measurements were made in the field of the cross section of the river and gauging with the SEBA windlass, using the gauging method with pinwheel for data collection in the established gauging sites; the third stage was recorded limnimetric readings in the sites of the gauging stations by the TD-Diver instrument, applying the gauging method with limnigraph; the fourth stage using the planimetry method was developed in the cabinet the process of analytical calculation of the hydraulic parameters in each cross section of the river Casacay, for the different sites of the gauging stations; the fifth stage was developed the hydraulic mathematical model of logarithmic regression for the construction of the expenditure curve, which generates an equation Q = B ln (H) + A of logarithmic order where the flow can be determined for any height of the water level. In the Casacay River, the gauging stations of the sites of San Tin Tin and La Esperanza were conducted seven gauging campaigns. By means of field processes and analytical calculations, the flow rate values are determined at the San Tin Tin gauging station: 0.67m3/s, 0.74m3/s, 0.80m3/s, 0.81m3/s, 0.88m3/s, 0.92m3/s, 1.63m3/s and limnimetric height values: 0.307m, 0.309m, 0.312m, 0.312m, 0.315m, 0.317m, 0.345m. In the same way for the La Esperanza gauging station the values of flow found in the cross section of the river: 1.29m3/s, 1.44m3/s, 1.45m3/s, 1.50m3/s, 1.57m3/s, 1.66m3/s, 2.86m3/s and the limnimetric height values: 0.27m, 0.32m, 0.33m, 0.34m, 0.37m, 0.40m, 0.76m. Unlike the gauging station of the Dumari site, two gauging campaigns were carried out, due to the fact that the site is inaccessible due to the topographic conditions of the site, so so much less was determined values of flow for the cross section of the river: 0.45m3/s, 1.28m3/s and limnimetric height values: 0.21m, 0.28m. With the data of the final results of flow and height of the water level of the gauging stations in the sites of San Tin Tin and La Esperanza, the expenditure curve (Q vs H) is plotted, the same that conforms to the calibration using the logarithmic regression method. The hydraulic mathematical statistical model in the gauging station of the San Tin Tin site, the logarithmic regression equation is: Q = 8.2276 ln (H) + 10.383 and in the gauging station of the La Esperanza site the equation of the logarithmic regression is: Q = 1.5637 ln (H) + 3.2076. The equations represent the flow as a function of the height of the water level, where the flow can be determined for any value of limnimetric height and project the value of the flow together with the height of the water level in the graph of the expenditure curve, to have a statistical capacity gauge.