Daños en el pavimento causado por fugas en la red de distribución de agua potable en la parroquia La Victoria.

Abstract

The maintenance of the road infrastructure must be of paramount importance so that it provides comfort and above all safety to all the users who circulate daily on it, since Latin America has become deserving at alarming levels of accidents not only to transporters of light or heavy vehicles but also pedestrians, motorcyclists and cyclists. In Ecuador, the improvement of the road infrastructure has been notary, however it has also been evidenced the notorious deterioration of the same shortly after its construction for reasons attached to vehicular traffic or in other cases for reasons unrelated to vehicular traffic, such as the example, leaks in drinking water networks. This study seeks to find the most feasible solution to avoid the rapid deterioration in the paved streets of La Victoria Parish caused by leaks in the drinking water network existing in the sector. The rapid deterioration caused by leaks in the drinking water network brings negative impacts related to the correct flow of vehicles, safety of drivers and pedestrians, problems in the development of communities as well as the loss and suspension of vital liquid. The road structure is considered one of the fundamental pillars for the economic, social and cultural development of a country; This is the importance of maintaining the roads in the necessary conditions for proper vehicular traffic on paved or ballast roads. When talking about good road conditions we refer to the fact that these must provide drivers with both safety and comfort, which are parameters considered at the time of designing a road. When a road presents a premature deterioration shortly after its construction either in cities or towns, not only should be considered that the damage is caused by the passage of vehicular load, environmental conditions or a bad design, but also should be considered factors other than those mentioned above, such as, for example, damage to drinking water distribution networks, generally located in the interior part of the road. From the above it is taken as a clear example the deterioration of the existing road layer in the Parroquia La Victoria belonging to the Canton of Santa Rosa in the Province of El Oro, where the continuous and progressive deterioration is observed in almost all the paved streets of the sector caused by the constant appearance of leaks in the drinking water distribution network. To verify that the origin of the damage presented by the tread layer was caused by water leaks produced by the drinking water network, direct observations were made to the sector where this problem is being presented and through the direct visual inspection method was obtained the necessary information of each pavement damage identifying hollow-type or bump failures, subsidence and patches. It is also worth mentioning that manual excavations were carried out on the most representative damages, to corroborate that it was the water leaks that were causing these damages to the rolling layer. The solution found was to design a new potable water distribution network, which would have a different location of pipes, for its design the amount of future population of the sector was taken into account and the EPANET Software was used. We opted for this solution taking into account economic and social aspects that directly involve the population of the sector. This solution found will contribute to the economic growth of the parish allowing the conservation of its roads, so that they allow the correct and safe vehicular traffic necessary for the trade of existing products in the area, as regards the social, the optimal state of the road structure will allow the cultural development of the area, it will also allow the residents to access the different health and education centers through safe vehicular mobility, since the sector only has one school and a small health center, which do not supply in the attention for the amount of population of the sector for which they must go to the nearest city for the attention of emergency cases like pregnancies or serious injuries and of equal way the student population will be able to be mobilized until the schools and schools located in the cities closer. It is also worth mentioning that the cost of this project would be much less, since it would only be spent on expenses for the implementation of a new drinking water network, because if this solution is not chosen, there would be a drinking water network with constant occurrences of leaks. which would contribute to the total deterioration of the asphalt layer of the sector, which in the future would generate so many expenses of repairs of the leaks and construction of a new asphalt folder. With the results obtained from the field study through direct observations and manual excavations of the most representat