Transición demográfica y sus implicaciones en la salud pública

Abstract

The demographic transition is taking place all over the world, this transition translates into an increase in life expectancy, we see demographic transition in the developing countries, it becomes more important due to its context within the planning of public spending for the implementation of health policies and programs, currently there are around 600 million people over 60 years of age in the world. The region must face the challenge posed by the enormous increase in the proportion of the population aged 60 and over that goes from 8% in the year 2000 to 14.1% in the year 2025. This accelerated aging of the world population will increase the demands and modify the orientation and the budget of the health policies and programs. Objective: To update the scientific advances obtained on the demographic transition and its implications in public policies and health programs. Methods: Analysis of the information obtained through search engines of biomedical research, such as: PubMed, Scielo, The Lancet, Sanitary Gazette; In addition, the decennial health plan of the Metropolitan District of Quito, the National Health and Nutrition Survey - ENSANUT, the report of the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean - ECLAC. Conclusion: After the selection of 11 articles and important information, it is concluded in this review that the demographic transition is a fundamental factor that should be analyzed for the execution of planning projects, and its subsequent process of financing and execution of policies, programs and public health projects.