Proceso de atención de enfermería en un paciente con coinfección de hepatitis b y vih/sida

Abstract

Co-infection involves early detection and appropriate treatment, which can accelerate the progression of liver disease and there may be an increased risk of hepatitis B given immunosuppression by HIV. The rates are high in the city of Machala and the province, statistics that 3% of people who enter the internal medicine of the IESS Machala General Hospital that is for HBV and HIV. he hepatitis B virus is one of the most prevalent pathogens worldwide. In certain places, 95% of those infected with HIV with hepatitis B are present and 10-15% will develop chronic hepatitis. There is great differentiation for both infections according to the geographic region and the risk group. In Ecuador, it is estimated that 100,000 HIV-infected patients suffer from chronic HBV. Patients coinfected with HIV and HBV are less likely to eliminate the HBV virus. Primary HBV infection leads to chronic hepatitis in 2-5% of immunocompetent adults, in a change in patients infected with HIV and in a classification of 5 times more than 15-23%. One possible reason is the defect of the cells. The following research was carried out in order to analyze the coinfection of the hepatitis B virus and HIV by reviewing the clinical history in order to be able to draw up standardized nursing care plans for this type of patient for the preparation of care plans The patient's medical history was reviewed, we compiled exhaustively the information of the diagnoses and the results of the exams. The most significant results were: there is a prevalence of 49.3% of HIV / AIDS infected and 1.7% of hepatitis B and 30% of the population with coinfection in the country. There is a percentage of 90.9% that occurs in males, 9.1% females and 48.5% in ages of 31-50 years and in homosexuality, 54.7% these are the categories that leads in the prevalence table in the equator. In the face of the evidence collected, we conclude that coinfection is affecting men more than women, mainly homosexuals, there is a great variation in percentages and the highest is hepatitis despite the fact that they have similar risk factors, in Ecuador it is in a prevalence of 49.3% of HIV / AIDS infected and 15% of hepatitis B population throughout the country. The rates of hepatitis B and HIV are high in the city of Machala and the province, statistics show that 3% of people who enter internal medicine at the General Hospital of IESS Machala that is for HBV and HIV Nursing professionals develop an active and primordial role in the health system and their fields of action are progressively expanded in some cases, in some cases the fear of certain nurses to contract a virus is related to higher degrees of anxiety and stress , therefore it is necessary to increase the availability of information, to expand specific knowledge, to promote new skills that allow professionals to respond to the needs of those affected.