Teorías del comercio internacional: relación comercial entre Ecuador y Colombia desde la perspectiva de la ventaja comparativa.

Abstract

The main objective of this research was to analyze the theories of international trade through a bibliographic and scientific review that made it possible to determine the absolute and comparative advantage between Ecuador and Colombia with respect to the production of bananas and flowers. The methodology used was documentary and descriptive, the first one was carried out through the review of pertinent bibliography about the classical theories of international trade, mainly the theory of the Comparative Advantage of David Ricardo; while in the second, outstanding aspects of the banana sectors were established, as well as floriculture in both countries. The results showed that at first Ecuador had an absolute advantage in both banana and flowers, however, and once the calculations related to the opportunity cost were made, it was determined that Ecuador had a comparative advantage in the production of banana, while Colombia in the flowers production. It was clear that the analysis of these theories was an important one to understand and understand how trade was handled throughout history, as well as to further study the theory of comparative advantage served to perform the proposed exercise and determine in these neighboring countries the comparative advantage, that is, in which production of both banana and flowers, were less inefficient and carried out at a relatively lower cost, therefore, specialize and be clear about what products should be exported, as well as what products should be imported to be able to benefit from international trade.