Proceso de atención de enfermería en paciente con síndrome de Mallory Weiss

Abstract

The upper digestive hemorrhage, nowadays has become the emergency with more incidence in the area of gastroenterology, represents a mortality of about 10%, which has not changed lately. Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is classified as varicose and non-varicose, in our investigation the Mallory Weiss syndrome is the lesion due to non-varicose upper gastrointestinal bleeding, presenting hematemesis in 80% of cases. Mallory weiss syndrome is the tearing of the mucous membrane of the esophagus, its cause is when the person makes efforts to perform an emesis or cough. This originates in the gastro esophageal junction, which implies 5% of the upper digestive hemorrhages. This pathology is associated with alcohol habits, people with eating disorders such as bulimia and in some cases with the presence of a hiatal hernia. It is very rare, but it can also be associated with seizures due to epilepsy or the frequent intake of salicylates. This syndrome was described in 1929 by G. Kenneth Mallory and Soma Weiss, in his research was diagnosed in alcoholic patients. In the United States, 300,000 hospitalizations are registered annually; in western countries it presents 36 to 100 hospitalizations per 100,000 inhabitants. In Europe there were 1200 deaths due to this pathology. At the national level, the incidence of this pathology is 4 cases per 100.00 people and in turn it occurs more in men than in women and it can appear at any stage or cycle of life. According to the Ministry of Public Health there are causes of mortality of esophageal varices at the level of Ecuador which both in men and women there is a total of 2,000 cases this shows that there is a large incidence that can occur and cause the Mallory Weiss syndrome. According to the statistics of the MINISTRY OF PUBLIC HEALTH at the level of the Machala canton, we found an incidence in men 1 case and in women 2 cases giving a total of 3 cases locally.