Proceso de atención de enfermería en paciente adulto con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica

Abstract

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease affects the airways, is a complication of respiratory origin that causes airflow obstruction, mucociliary dysfunction and destruction of the lung parenchyma, which hinders the exchange of oxygen, is considered the third cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In 2016, 1815 COPD cases were reported nationally, of which 1020 were men and 795 were women. Its main risk factor is smoking, especially in men over 40 years, their triad dyspnea, cough and expectoration, the evolution of the pathology causes systemic damage and can even lead to cancer and eventually death. You can prevent the disease or avoid complications by eliminating toxic habits (tobacco), getting vaccinated (pneumococcal and anti-flu), good nutrition and exercise. The objective of the present work was to elaborate the process of nursing care based on the NANDA-NIC-NOC taxonomy, with scientific validity that allows to make decisions in the patient, and in turn to relate it to the theory of Virginia Henderson that is based on the 14 basic needs, prioritizing and identifying those that are altered. A descriptive type qualitative methodology was used, based on updated bibliographic research of scientific articles, clinical guides, books that were the fundamental basis for obtaining the necessary information in the elaboration of this research work. It is concluded that the care plans that were designed for the patient with COPD, will allow to satisfy the altered needs improving the quality of life.