Evaluar índices productivos en pollos alimentados con 5, 10 y 15 % lenteja de agua (<i>lemna minors</i>) fresca, reemplazando balanceado

Abstract

Poultry production is considered one of the largest sources that provide food for consumers, therefore, producers seek new food sources which lower production costs, both in management systems and in food. To this end, new forms of food administration have been created, such as automatic feeders, where elements can be added to the balance to be consumed by the chicken, the same happens with the water supply being made automatically or manually. The search for new raw materials that provide a good nutritional quality in the production birds are varied. In our case, an aquatic plant, a macrophyte rich in crude protein (35%) which contributes to the animal, has been considered for the present study. good amounts of proteins, amino acids and other nutrients that will serve for the normal development of birds. Lemna minor, also known as duckweed, is an aquatic plant that grows in abundance in humid, temperate places, basing its replication in stagnant or circulating water, counting with pH around 4.5 to 7.5, adapting to temperatures 15-24 ° C. This raw material was collected in the fish station "La Tembladera", of the Technical University of Machala, located in the Canton Santa Rosa, the administration of Lemna minors in the chickens was in different quantities (5, 10 and 15%) in replacement of balanced feed whose consumption was calculated based on the broiler consumption tables in their different weeks of the bird's life. The Lemna minors was mixed together by the complementary percentage of balanced feed, this mixture was well accepted by the bird in 100%. The study included 160 1-day-old broiler chickens, which were immediately placed in a conditioned area, in order to provide a minimum temperature of 30 ° C and a maximum temperature of 32 ° C, during the first week of life, in this period the birds are acclimatized; from the second week we worked on the trial with 4 treatments called Treatment 1 (Lemna minors at 5%), Treatment 2 (Lemna minors at 10%), Treatment 3 (Lemna minors at 15%) and finally, the control , that had only the administration of commercial balanced feed and each treatment had 4 homogeneous repetitions. The present investigation was carried out in the poultry facilities of Granja Santa Inés, corresponding to the Academic Unit of Agricultural Sciences of the Technical University of Machala. The variables to be studied are: weight gain, food consumption, feed conversion (carcass yield), mortality rates; in addition to assessing the cost of production, each result being determined separately in relation to the different values or results obtained by treatment, attributing said activity to the raw material under study, Lemna minor in the organism of the chicken, modifying the measurable and observable characteristics, and analyzing the organoleptic indicators with the criteria obtained from 120 people who participated in the tasting in the facilities of the Academic Unit of Agricultural Sciences.