Análisis del manejo de residuos sólidos en la Unidad Académica de Ingeniería Civil, Utmach, Machala.

Abstract

The research work that was carried out entitled Analysis of Solid Waste Management in the Academic Unit of Civil Engineering, Utmach, is emphasized through the methodology chosen to make a synthesis of the waste handling that is generated in the entire area of the study object. All the facilities of the academic unit were taken into account, such as the classroom blocks, the administrative block and the laboratory block. The generation and momentary disposal of solid waste give free reign to implement possible solutions and proposals in order to mitigate the impacts that are causing and perpetuating today. For the development of the present investigation, a theoretical basis based on articles from scientific journals, master's theses, papers was taken into account, as was the Unified Text of Secondary Legislation (TULSMA) with the purpose of obtaining definitions referring to the topic addressed. The research that was conducted was field, descriptive and applied. The field is because an information survey was carried out directly in the areas where the situation becomes more acute. It is descriptive, because it details the conditions and circumstances that encompass the handling of solid waste. It is intended to be applied because it is linked to identifying the sources of generation and final disposal of the waste produced. An information survey was made using the surveys and interviews as an instrument, taking into account that currently the university population of our study area reaches 864 elements among administrative personnel, teachers, students, employees and service assistants of which the size of the the survey covered 105 individuals. For the collection of information, a questionnaire was used consisting of 7 questions, which denote several relevant aspects such as the generation, characterization, storage and eventual disposal of solid waste. Daily days of collection and classification of solid waste generated in our study area were conducted in a monthly period. This led to the daily quantification of waste and / or waste generated, resulting in a weekly average of 589.84 kilograms and an average per capita production of 0.6827 kilograms produced per person in the space of one week. The total weight of solid waste that occurred in the month of July reached the considerable figure of 2,359 tons, of which the largest percentage are from lab work and practices with 86% and the remainder are organic and inorganic waste derived of the daily activities of each individual. After obtaining the information and data, we proceeded to make the argumentation of results that will serve as a reference to analyze the problems raised in order to provide some type of solution, which through corrective measures will optimize the management of solid waste organic and inorganic. Through the characterization of solid waste it was possible to quantify the waste generated in laboratory practices and tests, serving as a starting point to substantiate a proposal that seeks to give an eventual disposition to these residues, to be deposited in a timely manner. definitive in the places that demand a filling with the characteristics of these materials.