Proceso de atención de enfermería en recién nacido patológico según Virginia Henderson

Abstract

A newborn (NB), with high risk, has a high probability of suffering a pathology, based on the assessment of preconceptional, gestational, maternal-fetal, obstetric or neonatal factors that can prevent or suspect a certain disease. The present investigative work is descriptive-qualitative and is based on the theory of the natural history of the disease that consists of two periods: the prepatogenic period and the pathogenic period, to explain the evolution that occurs when the host is exposed to a potential agent whose final result may be: recovery, chronicity, disability or the death of the NB. Among the risk factors are: genetics (consanguinity, family history); chronic diseases, age (pregnancy in adolescence or in old age); socioeconomic status and level of education low, toxic habits, exposure to chemical products, inadequate nutrition, drugs mainly during the first trimester of pregnancy. Complications that cause a high rate of morbidity and mortality are: infantile cerebral palsy, intrauterine growth retardation, functional immaturity, caudal regression syndrome at intestinal and renal level, continuous incontinence, intracranial injury, heart murmurs. The objective of this work is to propose care plans in a pathological NB based on the nursing assessment according to V. Henderson's Theory, using for this the taxonomy of diagnoses (NANDA), results (NOC) and interventions (NIC). Therefore, the care of these children must be taken by a multidisciplinary team, being necessary to involve the family and society, in order to achieve an adequate prognosis.