Factores de riesgo en enterocolitis necrotizante en el recién nacido y propuesta del proceso de atención de enfermería

Abstract

Necrotising enterocolitis is a severe inflammatory disease of the intestine, severe and acquired more frequently in the neonatal period specifically in premature, the factors of higher risk occur in newborns under 28 weeks of gestation and those under 1000 grams at birth. Worldwide there is a prevalence of 7% in the newborn weighing between 500 and 1500 grams with a mortality rate between 20 and 30%, while in Ecuador there were 63 deaths representing 2.07%. The objective is to identify the risk factors in Necrotizing Enterocolitis in the newborn and proposal of the Nursing Care Process through the literature review, reducing complications in the neonate. The realization of this investigation was based on the delivery of the theoretical reagent, searches and revisions of scientific articles were carried out to later proceed to the narration of the investigation. The design of the care plans to maintain the health of the newborn is based on the Theory of the Adaptation Model of Callista Roy and the Process of Nursing Care, in which the nursing staff through critical thinking fulfills strict direct care and roles that will allow a good evolution of the patient and thus be able to obtain better results and achieve greater percentage of adaptation of the individual and family, the correct application of the theory of this model and the care process allow to increase or decrease the factors that produce the development of this pathology.