Causas de hemorragia postparto inmediato e intervención a través del proceso de atención de enfermería

Abstract

Postpartum hemorrhage is one of the most severe complications as well as being considered one of the main causes of maternal death worldwide. This pathology is defined as the blood loss greater than 500 ml in deliveries and more than 1000 ml in caesarean sections. Some factors that predispose a vaginal postpartum hemorrhage may be: a history of postpartum hemorrhage in a previous birth, a trauma in the birth canal, a stimulus of labor, among others. Postpartum hemorrhage occurs with an estimated frequency of 5 to 15% of deliveries; The WHO estimates an estimated 150,000 cases of maternal deaths in the year in Third World countries. The MSP Clinical Practice Guideline on Postpartum Hemorrhage suggests us to classify the complication according to the frequency in 4T mnemonic which means: Tone 70%; Trauma 20%; 10% tissue and Thrombin <1%. This allows the nursing professional to perform a care process based on these scientific criteria that allow a timely and effective intervention. When a complication such as the one mentioned above arises, immediate help should be requested, the bleeding should be assessed and the treatment initiated propitiately. To carry out this study, two types of study have been used that allowed for better research on postpartum haemorrhage, such as the qualitative study and documentary research by the collection, selection, analysis and presentation of coherent information from different authors through their publications, to make known, understand and develop the reader's criteria.