Características clínicas-epidemiológicas en pacientes con neumonía y aplicación del proceso de atención de enfermería

Abstract

Pneumonia is an infectious process of pulmonary parenchyma responsible for important morbidity and mortality rates. The pneumonic processes that occur at the community level as a hospital are usually serious; the pathogenic microorganisms that promote this disease are viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites. The diagnosis is based on clinical findings, which will guide the treatment depending on the causative organism. The role of nursing in these pathologies is of great importance for the improvement and recovery of the patient, based on the process of nursing care (PAE), within its five stages: assessment, diagnosis, planning, execution and evaluation. The objective was to know the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients with pneumonia and to apply the process of nursing care. The methodology was based on a qualitative study, which was carried out based on a review of scientific articles and books, and priority needs were identified based on the 11 functional patterns of Marjory Gordon; An individualized care plan was designed to improve the patient. The result obtained from the Nursing Care Process manages to provide quality nursing care, based on a specific methodology such as the PAE, these care can help to reduce the risk factors of morbidity and mortality. We conclude with the present work that pneumonia both at the extrahospital and intrahospital levels is of great impact for the patient as well as relatives, besides being considered one of the most serious pathologies due to the high mortality rate.