Proceso de atención de enfermería en paciente pediátrico que presenta neumonía y asma bronquial

Abstract

Pneumonia and bronchial asthma are pathologies that affect the respiratory tract, the first due to inflammatory causes of pulmonary parenchyma, with a mortality rate of 23% in pre-school children in the country, while the second pathology is generated by storage of phlegm in the interior of the airways, being a health problem of global impact, with a prevalence in Ecuador of 10.1%. The factors that predispose to these diseases involve both internal and external factors. The clinical manifestations of the patient in front of these pathologies are similar, presenting respiratory distress, wheezing, tachypnea, thoracic oppression and specifically nocturnal and morning cough. The objective of this research is to apply the nursing care process based on a clinical reagent from a pediatric patient diagnosed with pneumonia and bronchial asthma, following a specific set of steps such as: assessment, diagnosis, planning, execution and evaluation with the purpose of preventing complications, using Marjory Gordon's theory, which studies information in a clear and precise way to identify altered functional patterns directing nursing care in a comprehensive and timely manner. The methodology used was the search and analysis of scientific articles of great impact. Nursing interventions are designed to comply with the care plan corresponding to a thorough diagnosis, contributing to the restoration and quality of life of the patient and thus achieve lower mortality rates and prevalence in the country.