Valoración del sistema de las buenas prácticas ganaderas en hembras bovinas productoras de leche en clima tropical

Abstract

Good Livestock Practices (GMP) are aimed to ensuring the production and safety of food of animal origin, protecting the environment and the people who work in the farms. The objective of this work was to characterize the components of GMP system in bovine females producing milk in tropical climates. The production in dairy cows, is a reflection of their attention and care throughout their productive life. In the last decade, there have been improvements indicators such as genetics, feeding, milking system design, facilities and herd programs that have increased production. It is concluded: 1.- The GMP are an excellent alternative to improve the comfort and productivity of dairy herds by contemplating standards related to health, milking hygiene, nutrition, environment, animal welfare and socio-economic management, among others, that ensure a sustainable and safe milk production for human consumption, 2.- The management, tenure and feeding system is a fundamental for the quality of life of cows, which must be provided with tranquility and emotional stability, good health and diets that satisfy the adequate metabolic processes of maintenance and production-reproduction and 3.- Silvopastoral systems and rotation of paddocks, are a favorable option to use in dairy farms in hot climate for its benefits like grass supply, recycling nutrients, greater biological diversity, preservation of water sources, control of soil erosion, and positive effects in the microclimate of exploitation.