Uso de hongos del género <i>trichoderma spp.</i> como controlador de nematodos en el cultivo de banano

Abstract

The cultivation of banana (Musa spp.), is one of the most important globally, arriving to make considered a staple food for people. Ecuador is the largest banana exporter in the world, even when the fourth or fifth largest producers at the global level this is due to the fact that the countries of increased production destined the same mainly for domestic consumption. The total area harvested this product in Ecuador is around 180,336 ha-1 thus generating an infinite number of jobs, to occupy an important place in the economy of the country. At present, the main way to control the different species of nematodes that attack the banana plantations is through the application of chemicals (nematicides), which generates problems of pollution, biodegradation and high costs. By which this research focused on the use of fungi of the genus Trichoderma spp., as a natural alternative for the control of the main species of nematodes in banana, obtaining optimal results since through the various experiments reviewed, it was determined that the species T. atroviride, acts in an excellent way in the control of the species Radopholus similis (burrowing nematode), one of the species of greater importance in the cultivation of banana. There are many more essays and research demonstrating the effectiveness of the genus Trichoderma spp., on the control of nematodes but are a function of cultivars of short cycle.