Factores que influyen en la vigilancia epidemiologica eficiente del zika en el ecuador

Abstract

Introduction: Zika virus infection is a disease caused by a parvovirus of the Flaviviridae family and transmitted by vectors of Aedes species, that emerged in Africa in 1947 and it spread throughout all the continents until arriving in America in 2015 affecting between 400,000 and 1'300,000 inhabitants around the world including Ecuador. Our country reports a total of 5,304 cases up to the year 2017, of which 78 were notified in the province of El Oro. It has characteristics similar to other endemic diseases such as dengue and Chikungunya. Objective: Analyze the factors that influence an adequate epidemiological surveillance, to achieve an efficient control of Zika in Ecuador. Methodology: The bibliographic search of several scientific articles published during the last 5 years was carried out, in indexed journals obtained from Pubmed, Scielo, Elsevier, Redalyc and Google academic databases, related to the subject of study. Conclusions: The epidemiological surveillance of Zika in our population is indispensable since the influence of climatic changes favors the geographical extension of the vector and viral replication. Various factors as the different transmission routes, the limited diagnosis, the basically symptomatic treatment, the aggressive complications, to which is added the absence of vaccines make this disease a serious health problem.