Diagnostico y tratamiento de la neumonía adquirida en la comunidad en adultos en centros de salud de primer nivel

Abstract

Community-acquired pneumonia is an acute respiratory disease that affects the acquired lung parenchyma in the hospital environment of multiple etiology such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, chemicals, among the main bacterial causes is streptococcus pneumoniae although very rarely it is identified in primary care, which leads to the initial treatment being empirical. The symptomatology with which the patient comes is both systemic and the respiratory tract meeting; thermal increase, malaise, asthenia, headache, chest pain, cough, expectoration, crackles, increased fremitus, decreased elasticity and expansibility. For its assessment, scales such as CURB 65 are available that guide us to the diagnosis and future treatment, depending on the assessment obtained, this will be done on an outpatient basis or within a health facility. This treatment will also depend on the patient's history, severity of the disease at the time of presentation, comorbidities, adherence to treatment, risk factors for rare pathogens, family structure, which intervene in therapeutic success. The treatment in primary care centers is aimed at pneumonia that is based on the use of amoxicillin alone or together with a beta-lactamase inhibitor and in cases of patients with comorbidity associated with the joint use of a macrolide.