Aplicación de incentivos tributarios al contribuyente mueblería Bricor de la ciudad de Machala, periodo 2020-2021.

Abstract

BRICOR furniture store is located in the city of Machala, it is a family business in manufacturing wood, renowned for the efficient quality and variety of the furniture manufactured for its customers. For the economic sector in which it operates, the tax law has established certain circumstances that could be applied as tax incentives, which have an impact on the two most important tax burdens for the taxpayer, which are Income Tax and Value Added Tax (VAT). The problem investigated consists in the fact that BRICOR furniture store does not apply the tax incentives due to the general lack of knowledge about tax incentives related to Income Tax, by the administration and the employees that work in it, thus causing high tax burdens in the declaration and payment thereof to the Internal Revenue Service (IRS). Additionally, due to the lack of analysis of the tax benefits established in the legal regulations regarding Value Added Tax, the company invoices at 12% VAT, unaware of the possibility established by law to apply a 0% VAT rate, thus obtaining an artisan qualification. The general objective is focused on establishing the process of applying tax incentives by analyzing the liquidation and payment of Income Tax and Value Added Tax in BRICOR furniture store in the city of Machala during the period 2020-2021 in order to improve its financial profitability. The research design is based on the revision of documents, for which a search for sources of publications related to tax incentives from different authors was carried out, considering for this purpose the tax culture and the regulations in force in the country that rules it; therefore, the design applied in the development of this document is non-experimental. The methodology of the investigation applied is based on the inductive - deductive method, in a descriptive - explanatory type under a non-experimental design, in which the interview technique is applied, and the pertinent revision of documents is carried out. Moreover, the research has as a precedent of feasibility under the positivist paradigm; since, after carrying out the revision of documents related to the VAT and Income Tax declaration, different resources were proposed for the company to avail itself into the corresponding tax incentives. Among the main results obtained, BRICOR furniture store, when starting its activities as a taxpayer under the general regime in December 2020, must apply the regulatory rules that were in force in 2020, despite the fact that the start of its productive activity took place in 2021. Among the benefits, it was established that those taxpayers who develop economic activities under the artisan qualification granted by the National Board for the Defense of Artisans may apply the zero 0% VAT rate on the sale of services and manufactured goods; on the other hand, from the documentary analysis performed and the information obtained through the interview guide, the taxpayer meets all the requirements for the economic activity to be eligible for the application of the income tax exemption for five years, for which it is suggested that prior to the application, the taxpayer submit an acquittal to the Internal Revenue Service.