Seroprevalencia de brucelosis canina en perros de la cabecera cantonal del cantón Celica y sus factores predisponentes.

Abstract

"Canine brucellosis, a significant zoonosis, affects both dogs and humans, primarily through contact with fluids from infected animals. This research evaluates the prevalence of Brucella canis in dogs in the cantonal head of Celica canton, using two diagnostic techniques: ELISA and Rose Bengal. With a sample of 117 dogs, a prevalence of 14% for Brucella canis was determined using ELISA and 0,9% for Brucella abortus using Rose Bengal. The present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of canine brucellosis in the cantonal head of Celica canton through the use and comparison of two diagnostic techniques, ELISA and Rose Bengal, selecting dogs of different sizes, weights, breeds, and reproductive ages. The sample was obtained through deworming campaigns and house-to-house visits. Serological analyses were performed using ELISA and Rose Bengal to identify the presence of antibodies. The results showed a prevalence of 14% for Brucella canis detected by ELISA and 0,9% for Brucella abortus detected by Rose Bengal. The variables of living area and reproductive problems showed a significant association with the presence of antibodies against Brucella canis using the ELISA technique. No significant association was found with other variables such as sex, age, breed, reproductive status, hematocrit values, and total solids. The prevalence of canine brucellosis in the cantonal head of Celica canton is considerable, especially for Brucella canis. The presence of antibodies against Brucella canis was identified in the city of Celica, with a prevalence of 14% (16/117) according to the ELISA method, highlighting the need for surveillance and control of this disease in the local canine population. In contrast, the prevalence of antibodies against Brucella abortus was low, with only one positive case (0,9% of 117), indicating limited transmission from its natural reservoir. These findings underline the importance of maintaining preventive measures to protect both animals and humans from Brucella infection. Rural areas and reproductive problems are significantly associated factors with the presence of this disease. These findings highlight the need to implement control and prevention measures in the region to reduce the prevalence and risk of transmission to humans.