Evaluación de parámetros reproductivos. i.a a celo natural e i.a.t.f en bovinos para producción de carne.en el rancho verito.

Abstract

Reproductive biotechnologies are currently widely used in several countries in order to improve genetics, reproductive potential and the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases that can affect the reproductive system. Artificial Insemination (AI) is a technique that has been used for several decades and was the first biotechnology to be applied, however, based on AI, more studies were carried out on reproduction programs. Years later, Fixed Time Artificial Insemination (FTAI) began to be applied, which turned out to be very beneficial, not only in the reproductive aspect, but also economically, it is for this reason that the present experimental work was carried out with the objective of comparing the percentage of pregnancy with traditional Artificial Insemination and Fixed-Time Artificial Insemination with cryopreserved semen in meat-producing cows, with the purpose of knowing the effectiveness of both methods. The experimental work was carried out at the Rancho Verito, belonging to the El Progreso Parish of the Pasaje Canton, where 90 females were subjected to insemination, 66 destined for traditional Artificial Insemination and 24 for Fixed Time Artificial Insemination. Statistical analysis was performed to determine if there are significant differences between the two treatments, for this, an analysis for one factor (ANOVA) was used for the variables studied and Chi-Square to determine the effectiveness of the two treatments. Of the 66 cows inseminated in the traditional way, only 45 achieved pregnancy, while of the 24 destined for Fixed Time Artificial Insemination, only 13 achieved pregnancy. The results obtained on the influence of the Body Condition Score on pregnancy rates were different in treatment 1 and 2. In treatment 1, the cows that became pregnant had a body condition score (BC) of 3.02 ± 0.05, while that, in the treatment, the body condition was 3.48 ± 0.10, which indicates a statistically significant difference. It is concluded that there is an effect of CC, both methods are effective, depending on the CC of each animal and which straw does not influence pregnancy rates. Regarding the cows that did not become pregnant, it was observed that there is no notable effect that has to do with the Body Condition Score, since in treatment 1 (AI) the body condition was from 3.05 to 3.47, while in treatment 2 it was from 3.42 to 4.04. On the other hand, when breed was analyzed as a possible influencing factor on the pregnancy rate, it was observed that there was no statistically significant difference. Regarding the number of calvings and age of the females subjected to inseminations, it was observed that there were no statistically significant differences in both pregnant and empty cows. It is concluded that, based on the results obtained in the investigation, the body condition is a determining factor in the pregnancy rate, and it was shown that the two methods are effective depending on the body condition of each animal and the straw used. It does not intervene in pregnancy rates.