Determinación de microfiliaria en <i><b>canis lupus familiaris</b></i> través del método de microcapilar y observación directa en sangre en parroquia chacras

Abstract

Canine microfilariosis is a chronic and subclinical disease, with great ignorance in the population due to the fact that many people are unaware of the subject and the corresponding attention is not provided. This pathology is transmitted by mosquitoes of the genus Anopheles, Culex, Aedes, so it can also affect man, causing lymphatic filariasis transmission. The early stage of the parasite (microfilaria) travels through the bloodstream, however, it cannot develop into a mature adult worm, so it needs a host that allows it to develop optimally, in this case the intermediate host is the mosquito. Disease with greater relevance because it affects dogs with a high percentage of prevalence of this infection, it generally occurs more in warm areas such as tropical and subtropical areas of the country. The purpose of this research work is to demonstrate the existence of canine microfilariosis in the Chacras parish of the Arenillas canton belonging to the El Oro province, which consists of developing two different types of techniques for the observation of live microfilariae, for which the use of the method was determined. of direct observation in blood and the Woo test. The 120 blood samples were obtained from the cephalic or saphenous vein, respectively, and the data from each patient was transcribed onto a record sheet. The parameters respectively considered were habitat, age, sex, breed and hematocrit level, where it was possible to verify whether or not the disease exists in canines that have this parasite in their blood. From a sample of 120 dogs analyzed, 25 of them were positive cases, with a prevalence percentage of 20.83% under the microcapillary technique and 28 positive cases under the direct blood observation technique, giving a prevalence of 23.33%. Of the 28 positive patients, 19 were male with a total percentage of 67.86% and 9 were female with 32.14%. The highest presentation of positive cases was in canines aged over 1 year with 60.72%, while the lowest presentation was in animals under 1 year with 39.28%. canine microfiliaria by breed it is determined that mestizos list the percentage of contagion with 82.14% followed by the French poodle breed that has 7.14%, consequently breeds such as Labrador and Golden Retriever have 3.57% each a. Thus determining that large and medium breeds are infected more frequently in relation to miniature breeds, because their exposure to the outside is greater. The hematocrit levels consist of the percentage obtained in the patient's red blood cells, the dominant levels in the samples is less than 37% since it has 78.58% of the total in relation to 21.42% that counts the levels of 37 to 55%. By analysis, dirofilariosis shows a greater weakness of red blood cells and hemolysis. Through the analyzes developed, it can be determined that a high prevalence of microfilariosis was found in male canines, less than one year old and exposed in the street or patio, which are more predisposed to contagion by mosquito bites in the Chacras parish of the Arenillas canton.