Diseño de hormigones porosos para parques automotores de la cantera San Luis de la ciudad de Pasaje

Abstract

Urban development is currently growing in all directions, occupying large spaces and transforming these areas into asphalt and concrete, preventing the greatest amount of rainwater from filtering naturally into the subsoil and stored in the aquifer, which could be subtracted in future generations where the vital fluid is estimated to be scarce In the present technical project was evaluated by laboratory tests carried out in the faculty of civil engineering of the city of Machala, primarily determining the physical and mechanical properties that characterize the stone materials, the same that was obtained from the PEDREGAL camp located in the parish Victoria, Canton Santa Rosa, province of El Oro, which in turn is collected from the Vega Rivera Quarry, located in the San Luis River, once its properties are known, and through several tests of A / C relationships, the more suitable dosages for the design of Porous Concrete, with its corresponding resistance to compression, bending, void content and permeability. The results obtained by laboratory tests, and the respective curing of the specimens, presented different resistances according to the water / cement ratio, which had each dosage, which could be verified, that the dosages that were between a range of 0.40 and 0.45 were the ones that showed the highest resistance to the axial compression test reaching the 3/4 aggregate with a strength of 16 Mpa and the 3/8 a compression strength of 17 Mpa, it could also be demonstrated by laboratory tests its resistance flexion which reached 3 Mpa, then tested its fluidity permeability test demonstrating that it was within the very permeable characteristic that defines the gravel, with a filtration rate of 0.426 cm / sec. and finally, the vacuum content test was carried out, a well-defined characteristic in the design of porous concretes reaching 17% of voids, which fluctuates between 15% and 25%, being within the range as defined in some scientific articles . A very important fact is the incorporation of additive in this type of concrete, in the dosages of A / C ratio of 0.40, with added 3/4 it was found that without its application (additive), reached an axial compression strength of 16 MPa, and once incorporated the additive, easily reached a resistance of 20 MPa, or 25% more resistance, so it should be noted that the dosage with A / C ratio of 0.40, with added 3/8, the which reached a resistance of 17 Mpa after 28 days of curing without the use of additives, could reach a compressive strength of up to 21 Mpa, with the help of the aforementioned additive. In addition, the cost analyzed for the design of a cubic meter of porous concrete with aggregate 3/8 was around 147.82 ctvos. of dollar, being 10% below the cost of traditional concrete, which is very beneficial when it is implemented in civil works where a friendly design with the environment is required.