Atención de enfermería en pericarditis tuberculosa

Abstract

Tuberculous pericarditis is a rare disease with a high percentage of lethality, the agent responsible for Mycobacterium tuberculosis reaches the pericardium by lymphatic, hematogenous or by contiguity, being an extrapulmonary form of TB can go unnoticed and cause complications, infection It is common in elderly people and in individuals with the immune system depressed, the treatment used is the same as that of pulmonary tuberculosis. The objective of this study is to analyze a case of tuberculous pericarditis and thus understand the pathological process in order to develop nursing intervention plans according to the needs of the patient. The study was qualitative descriptive, supported by the bibliographic review of scientific articles and the clinical history of a patient of the General Hospital of Machala (IESS), also a patient interview is conducted, all this formed fundamental pillars in the sustaining of the research, which allows to precisely specify the object of study, knowing the current state of the pathology. The information was obtained through a process with the following steps: in the first stay, a request for permission was made to the General Hospital of Machala (IESS) and another was directed to the El Aguador Health Center to have access to the medical history. report in which legal ethical aspects were framed, signed by students and tutor respectively; the modality of the research is Qualitative since it is based on the observation of the clinical characteristics of the case to be studied and describes in depth the object of study, the study method is the clinical one, since the main axis of the present case is the human. The result was that the manifestation of tuberculous pericarditis in the patient was the result of a pleural effusion that occurred a year ago, in which the bacillus was present in the fluid, which indicates that the patient was exposed to the bacteria in Some time in her life, despite not having manifested the symptoms of tuberculosis, the literature review was exhaustive because the infection is extremely rare, the information obtained from the Clinical History about the nursing professional's care. hospital level were evidenced based on the medical indications, care at the first level of care in which the patient continues with their treatment are based on the directly observed system; there was a treatment interruption for a while due to the fact that the institution did not have the medication, despite this there is evidence of improvement in the patient through the reports of the clinical history. In conclusion, the cases that present this pathology are scarce, it is important to identify the existence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and start treatment in time to prevent possible complications, nursing care at the first level of care are essential, since this way the total recovery of the patient is guaranteed and possible resistance to the drugs is avoided.